Panic attacks can feel like overwhelming, uncontrollable waves of fear that disrupt daily life. Many individuals with panic disorder live in constant anticipation of the next attack, and despite trying various treatments, relief can feel elusive. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a modern, evidence-backed approach that shows promise in reducing the frequency and intensity of panic attacks. But does EMDR for panic attacks really work?

In this article, we’ll explore the fundamentals of EMDR therapy, how it can target the root causes of panic attacks, the research supporting its efficacy, and the types of individuals who may benefit from this treatment.

What Are Panic Attacks?

Panic attacks are intense episodes of fear or discomfort that appear suddenly and without warning. Common symptoms include:

• Racing heart
• Shortness of breath
• Sweating
• Tingling or numbness in hands, feet, or face
• Dizziness or a feeling of being “out of body”
• A sense of impending doom

While panic attacks are often brief, lasting anywhere from a few minutes to up to 20 minutes, their sudden onset can make individuals feel as though they’re in imminent danger, even when there’s no immediate threat.

Common Triggers for Panic Attacks

Panic attacks can be triggered by various factors, including:

• Stress or high-pressure situations
• Traumatic memories
• Social situations or public spaces
• Changes in environment or physical state (e.g., exercise, illness)

Understanding these triggers is crucial in targeting and reducing the occurrences of panic attacks.

What Is EMDR Therapy?

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a psychotherapy technique designed to help individuals process distressing memories and emotions linked to trauma. Originally developed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), EMDR has been adapted to treat a variety of anxiety disorders, including panic attacks.

General Process of EMDR

EMDR works by guiding the patient through a series of structured phases, one of the core techniques being bilateral stimulation—often involving rhythmic left-right eye movements, tapping, or sounds. This process is believed to help the brain “reprocess” disturbing memories in a way that reduces their emotional impact.

While it is primarily used for trauma, EMDR is now being explored for those suffering from panic attacks, especially when these attacks are linked to past trauma or emotional distress.

How EMDR May Work for Panic Attacks

One of the key reasons EMDR may be effective for panic disorder is its ability to process the underlying emotional triggers and traumatic memories that fuel panic attacks.

Processing Triggers and Memories

EMDR targets the emotional memories and past experiences that contribute to an individual’s panic attacks. These could be specific situations or memories that trigger the fight-or-flight response, leading to panic symptoms.

Bilateral Stimulation: A Calming Effect

During the therapy, the individual recalls these distressing memories while engaging in bilateral stimulation (e.g., eye movements). The rhythmic stimulation is thought to mimic REM sleep, which plays a role in memory processing and emotional regulation. This allows the brain to reprocess memories, potentially reducing their emotional charge and the intensity of panic attacks.

Potential Benefits

Though the effectiveness of EMDR can vary from person to person, many individuals report:

• A reduction in emotional intensity related to panic triggers.
• A lower frequency of panic attacks.
• An overall improvement in emotional regulation and resilience.

The 8 Phases of EMDR Therapy for Panic Attacks

EMDR therapy involves eight distinct phases, which guide individuals through the therapeutic process:

1. History-Taking: The therapist gathers information about the patient’s background, symptoms, and any potential traumatic experiences.
2. Preparation: This phase builds trust and teaches coping strategies for managing emotional distress.
3. Assessment: The therapist helps identify specific memories or situations that are causing distress and contributing to panic attacks.
4. Desensitization: The patient focuses on distressing memories while engaging in bilateral stimulation, helping to reduce the emotional charge associated with these memories.
5. Installation: Positive beliefs are introduced to replace negative thoughts or fears associated with panic attacks.
6. Body Scan: The therapist works with the patient to identify and process any physical tension or sensations related to anxiety.
7. Closure: This phase ensures that the individual returns to emotional equilibrium after the session.
8. Re-evaluation: The therapist evaluates progress and ensures lasting relief from symptoms.

What Research Says About EMDR for Panic Attacks

Research on EMDR for panic attacks is still developing, but several studies support its efficacy in treating panic disorder and anxiety disorders. Research published in journals like the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology has shown that EMDR can reduce both the physical and emotional symptoms of panic attacks. However, while promising, more comprehensive studies are needed to conclusively determine the long-term effectiveness of EMDR for panic attacks.

Who May Benefit from EMDR for Panic Attacks?

EMDR for panic attacks might be beneficial for:

• Individuals with panic attacks linked to trauma: If panic attacks are triggered by past traumatic events, EMDR can help process these memories and reduce their emotional impact.
• Those who have not found relief from traditional therapies: For individuals who have tried medications or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with limited success, EMDR offers an alternative approach.
• People with agoraphobia or social anxiety: If panic attacks are coupled with agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder, EMDR may help address these interconnected issues.

It’s important to note that EMDR’s effectiveness can vary from person to person, and a qualified professional should assess whether it’s the right treatment option.

When EMDR Might Not Be Suitable

While EMDR therapy is widely regarded as effective for panic attacks, it is not suitable for everyone. Those with:

• Active psychosis or severe dissociation
• Unresolved complex trauma that requires other therapeutic interventions
• Significant medical conditions that may impede treatment

should consult with a mental health professional to determine whether EMDR is appropriate for them.

Conclusion

EMDR therapy offers a promising treatment option for individuals struggling with panic attacks. By targeting the underlying traumatic memories and emotional triggers, EMDR helps individuals reprocess these memories, reducing their impact and frequency. However, individual responses to EMDR can vary, so it’s essential to consult with a licensed EMDR therapist for a personalized treatment plan.

If you or someone you know is struggling with panic attacks and traditional treatments haven’t worked, EMDR might be worth exploring. Reach out to a professional today and take the first step toward emotional relief.

Ready to take control of your anxiety? Contact a licensed EMDR therapist at Neurotek and begin your healing journey today.